10 simple ways to green your pet for Earth Day and Every Day

1. Prevent pet overpopulation
"Spay or neuter!" says Leslie H., and we agree. All pets have some environmental impact, but spaying and neutering keeps the pet population in check (and unwanted litters out of shelters).

2. Buy in bulk
Maria R. buys the biggest bags of pet food available. "That saves on gas back and forth to the store," she says. It also cuts down on packaging waste (and is easier on the wallet).

3. Scoop poop
Unscooped dog poop can pollute water and spread disease (read our article 10 Reasons to Scoop Your Dog's Poop). Facebook fan Mar Mar C. goes even further, composting her pet's waste. (Pet poop should be kept separate from the compost you put on your vegetable garden. Check out Cityfarmer.org's guide to making a dog waste composter.)

4. Buy reusable supplies
Kathryn H. housetrains her dogs with machine-washable puppy pads. One reusable pad, like this one at PETCO, can keep hundreds of disposable pads out of landfills -- and save you money in the long run.

5. Recycle what you can't reuse
Mary Kay G. makes sure to recycle dogfood cans -- but many other types of food have recyclable packaging, so be sure to check. Kat H. buys organic dog food that comes in recyclable bags. "Also it is locally made, so less pollution," she points out.

6. Use earth-friendly pooper scoopers
"I use biodegradable poop bags and, as a pet sitter, that's a lot of bags," says Kathy R. PETCO has a wide selection of biodegradable pooper scoopers. Reusing old paper bags works too.

7. Make your own pet toys
"My birds play with junk mail and cardboard boxes," says Janice R. Repurposing household items into toys can be fun for you and your pet, and cuts down on household waste. Need ideas? Check out the links at the end of this post.

8. Use eco-friendlier cat litter
"I use [corn-based] World's Best Cat Litter, which you can flush instead of having to use plastic bags to dispose of the waste," says Susan P. Many corn- and pine-based cat litters are flushable, and as Treehugger.com points out in How to Green Your Pet the clay in traditional litter is strip-mined. Worried your cat won't like a new litter? Set up a "litter cafeteria" so he can choose his favorite.

9. Harness cuddle power!
"We keep the heat really low, but warm up with dogs," says Catie K. "[It's] the true meaning of a 'three-dog night.' " Seconds Micah E.: "In the winter, I can turn the thermostat down because my pets love to snuggle."

10. Adopt a homeless pet
This brings us back to our No. 1 point: Pets, like humans, inevitably impact the environment. But buying from a pet store or breeder just encourages more breeding, while adopting a homeless pet doesn't add to the pet population. Pet adoption is the original green option!

Now think about this: Do you really do anything to make yourself or your pets more eco-friendly?

Source:  http://www.petfinder.com

Alternativas ecologicamente corretas

 

 

Os especialistas indicam alguns dos itens mais nocivos à natureza e apontam alternativas para substituí-los por outros mais ecologicamente corretos. Em todos os casos, há outra vantagem: as opções são também mais baratas

 DIRIGIR EM ALTA VELOCIDADE
Comentário: chegar mais rápido tem um custo maior para o meio ambiente. Os carros saem de fábrica com uma relação ideal entre o consumo de combustível e a velocidade
Alternativa mais ecologicamente correta: manter velocidade constante na estrada – em torno de 100 quilômetros por hora. Acima disso, o carro lança cerca de 15% mais poluentes por quilômetro rodado
Grau de esforço: baixo
Impacto no meio ambiente: médio

USO DE FRALDAS DESCARTÁVEIS
Comentário: elas levam cerca de 450 anos para se decompor – e são o terceiro item mais comum no lixo
Alternativa mais ecologicamente correta: as fraldas de pano, que são menos práticas, ou aquelas biodegradáveis.
Grau de esforço: alto
Impacto no meio ambiente: alto

LÂMPADAS INCANDESCENTES
Comentário: 80% da energia desse tipo de lâmpada é desperdiçada em forma de calor
Alternativa mais ecologicamente correta: as lâmpadas fluorescentes. Elas fazem melhor uso da energia que emitem e também têm vida útil cerca de dez vezes maior – diminuindo a produção de lixo
Grau de esforço: baixo
Impacto no meio ambiente: médio

 

Seven Harmful Chemicals Added to Processed Food

Chemical food additives are used by food manufacturers to preserve the flavor or improve the taste and appearance of processed junk foods. They are found in foods which require long shelf lives, and are used widely in "diet" foods which need the flavor boost. Some additives come from natural sources, but some are highly process substances derived from unhealthy sources such as coal tar and peroxide.
Here's a list of seven chemical food additives you may want to avoid:

1. FD&C Red Dye #3: A cherry red dye derived from coal tar. In 1981, NIH researchers reported that this substance may interfere with the transmission of nerve impulses in the brain. In 1996, researchers at Northeastern Illinois University conducted studies and found that even low does of Red #3 caused cancerous changes in human cell cultures. The FDA banned the use of Red Dye #3 in lake form in cosmetics, but still allows the dye to be used in food products.
2. BHA (Butylated hydroxyanisole): a preservative used in cereals, potato chips and chewing gum to stop them from becoming rancid. It accumulates in the body fat and it is known to disrupt the body's hormone balance. This widely used food additive has been shown to cause cancer in mice, rats and hamsters. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services considers BHA to be a carcinogen and has said that it poses a reasonable risk to health. Despite this warning, the FDA still allows BHA to be used as a food additive to prevent fat rancidity.
3. Sodium Benzoate, Benzoic Acid: a preservative added to fruit juice, carbonated drinks, and pickles. Problems occurs when sodium benzoate is used in beverages that also contain ascorbic acid (vitamin C). The two substances, in an acidic solution, can react together to form small amounts of benzene, a chemical that causes leukemia and other cancers. In the early 1990s the FDA had urged companies not to use benzoate in products that also contain ascorbic acid, but companies are still using that combination. A lawsuit filed in 2006 by private attorneys ultimately forced Coca-Cola, PepsiCo, and other soft-drink makers in the U.S. to reformulate affected beverages, typically fruit-flavored products.
4. Acetone peroxide: a bleach and conditioner used in milling flour and maturing dough. It is basically acetone (nail polish remover) with an oxygen compound added. It is also extremely unstable and explosive, and has been used by criminals to make bombs. It is strongly oxidizing and can damage the skin and eyes.
5. Diacetyl: a chemical that imparts the buttery flavor in microwave popcorn. It has a disease named after it because many microwave popcorn factory workers exposed to it have developed a lung condition called Diacetyl Induced Bronchiolitis Obliterans or "Popcorn Worker's Lung". There is no official ban in the EU, and U.S. companies are starting to voluntarily replace this ingredient in the microwave popcorn. The CDC has issued a safety alert for workers in factories that use diacetyl. There are currently two bills in the California Legislature to ban the use of diacetyl.
6. Polysorbate 80 (also known as tween 80): a stabilizer used in a wide variety of products including ice cream, milk products, vitamin tablets, lotions and creams and medical products like vaccines and anti-cancer medications. This food additive has been linked to nonimmunologic allergic reactions, and one study has linked it to infertility. The study found that polysorbate 80 caused changes in to the vagina and womb lining, hormonal changes, ovary deformities and degenerative follicles in mice. (Food Chem Toxicol. 1993 Mar;31(3):183-90. PMID: 8473002.) This is disturbing because this substance is in the new Gardasil cervical cancer vaccine which is being marketed for girls aged 9-26 in the United States.
7. Potassium Bromate: a chemical added to flour to make bread rise better and give it a uniform consistency. Most of what is added to flour breaks down during the cooking process into bromide. An excess intake of bromide has been associated with the inhibition of iodine enzyme metabolism, which weakens the thyroid and kidneys. The potassium bromate that isn't broken down remains in the baked good and is a known carcinogen. Numerous petitions have been made to the FDA to ban this ingredient and many flour mills have voluntarily stopped adding it to their products. This food additive is banned in most countries except the U.S. and Japan.

Source: http://EzineArticles.com

 

Earth's Endangered Species

 

Earth's Endangered Species - Animals, Plants, Us...

It is amazing the huge list of animals and plants that just might not be here tomorrow.
If we are not going to do anything about it, somewhere down the list there will be a line with our name on it.
Check the lists, it's good to know (it won't hurt you) but the best thing is to act right now!
Go Green and save the Planet and you'l be saving yourself.


http://www.earthsendangered.com

Thank you for doing your share.

The Former East/West Germany Barrier Now a Nature Reserve

After the second world war, Germany was divided into east and west. Between the two, the communist masters of East Germany erected an imposing barrier along the 870 border to keep people both in and out. But rather being a single fence or wall, the barrier was also a wide strip outfitted with minefields, bunkers, watch towers, and sand pits. Now that Germany has been reunited, this strip of land running 870 miles along the old border is a long, continuous, undeveloped property. In the end, the Soviets had not built a barrier, but a nature preserve.
Over twenty years after the fall of the Berlin Wall, the former "Death Strip" where so many people died trying to flee to the freer West Germany, has taken on a new meaning. It is uniquely valuable because it runs the entire length of Germany, and acts as a wildlife corridor. While most of German ecosystems are squeezed by agriculture, roadways, and cities, the strip has remained undeveloped for over 60 years. It is teeming with European otter, storks, frogs, eagles, and many other endangered and non-endangered wildlife.


"There is no other area in Germany that has been largely undisturbed for such a long time," says Dieter Leupold, a biologist with the German branch of Friends of the Earth. After the Berlin Wall came down, Friends of the Earth in Bavaria petitioned for a "Green Belt" project. They declared it the "ecological backbone of Central Europe." They also fought for other stretches of wildlife through Germany.

Now, the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation has established over 20 large protected areas along the old East/West German border. Some groups have even suggests stretching the green belt the entire length of the old Iron Curtain, from Finland to the Black Sea.

However, when the Berlin Wall fell, many just wanted to develop this new land to erase the stigma of the "Death Strip." Farmers wanted to expand their agriculture, and people wanted to develop cities and roads to connect the united Germany. Keeping the strip of land wild required a serious effort on the part of conservationists. So they sent teams of scientists, such as ornithologists, botanists, and entomologists to inventory the ecosystem and document its value. They found over 1,000 species identified as endangered on Germany's Red List. These findings enabled the establishment of green zones along the border.

Friends of the Earth is still working to expand on the Green strip. More nature preserves have been established in connection to it in an attempt to create a wildlife network throughout Germany. In the event that a farm has encroached onto the strip, the group has worked around it, simply diverting the corridor from the former East/West line. The wildlife does not care about old political borders anyway.

For more information: http://www.europeangreenbelt.org/indoor.html

Decline of the Southern Skua in the Falkland Islands

The Falkland Islands, a British overseas territory in the South Atlantic Ocean near the coast of South America, is home to several unique indigenous bird species. One of them, Catharacta Antarctica, also known as the Southern Skua or the Falklands Skua, is in serious decline. Over the past five years, their population has gone down almost 50 percent. The exact reasons are unknown, but some experts suspect the decline is due to low breeding success and increased competition for resources. Some fear that the problems with the skua are linked with an unhealthy Patagonian marine ecosystem.

The Falkland Skua is a subspecies of the Great Skua, a carnivorous gull-like species. It lives on the Falkland Islands and travels north when not breeding. It feeds on fish, small mammals, and eggs. Often, it scavenges for carrion and employs kleptoparasitism, which means it saves energy by stealing food from another predator. They nest on the ground because the Falklands have no native trees, only grasses and shrubs.


Two surveys of the skuas nesting on New Island, home of the largest population to west of the Falkland main islands. The surveys were conducted in 2004 and 2009 by Dr. Paulo Catry of the Museum of Natural History in Lisbon, Portugal as well as other researchers from Portugal and the UK. "Although brown skuas have been the subject of many studies, virtually nothing has been done on the Falklands subspecies," says Dr Catry.

The surveys, spaced five years apart, showed a dramatic decline of 47.5% on New Island. This has caused worry because the Falkland Skua has a long life span. Such a dramatic change in so short a time means the situation is extremely abnormal.

One theory is that the decline is due to low breeding success which affects the birth rate. Typically, the Falkland Skua has a high rate of breeding success. Each breeding pair raise one chick a year on average. The researchers found that the new rate on New Island is only 0.28 chicks per year. This is despite the fact that other nesting seabirds on New Island have not shown similar declines in breeding rates.

A higher death rate of adult Skuas is suspected of compounding the low birth rate. Dr. Catry's team believes the species may be struggling to compete with another avian predator, the Striated Caracara, a.k.a. the Johnny Rook, which feeds on the same prey. Part of the Falconidae family, this bird is extremely aggressive, attacking everything from baby lambs to sick sheep. It will even steal red pieces of clothing hanging out to dry because they are the same color as meat. The Johnny Rook is a formidable foe for the Skua and a thorn in the side of Falkland sheep farmers.

The greatest fear, however, is that the Skua decline is related to a decline in the marine ecosystem. "Falkland skuas are top predators of marine ecosystems. They will take fish, squid, crustaceans, and they are also important predators of other seabirds," says Dr Catry. "If something is not well with them, it may mean that something is not well with the rich Patagonian shelf ecosystem."

The study has been published in the journal, Polar Biology.

Source: http://www.enn.com/

Geoengineering: Scientists Debate Risks Of Sun-Blocking And Other Climate Tweaks To Fight Warming

To the quiet green solitude of an English country estate they retreated, to think the unthinkable.


Scientists of earth, sea and sky, scholars of law, politics and philosophy: In three intense days cloistered behind Chicheley Hall's old brick walls, four dozen thinkers pondered the planet's fate as it grows warmer, weighed the idea of reflecting the sun to cool the atmosphere and debated the question of who would make the decision to interfere with nature to try to save the planet.

The unknown risks of "geoengineering" – in this case, tweaking Earth's climate by dimming the skies – left many uneasy.

"If we could experiment with the atmosphere and literally play God, it's very tempting to a scientist," said Kenyan earth scientist Richard Odingo. "But I worry."

Arrayed against that worry is the worry that global warming – in 20 years? 50 years? – may abruptly upend the world we know, by melting much of Greenland into the sea, by shifting India's life-giving monsoon, by killing off marine life.

If climate engineering research isn't done now, climatologists say, the world will face grim choices in an emergency. "If we don't understand the implications and we reach a crisis point and deploy geoengineering with only a modicum of information, we really will be playing Russian roulette," said Steven Hamburg, a U.S. Environmental Defense Fund scientist.

The question's urgency has grown as nations have failed, in years of talks, to agree on a binding long-term deal to rein in their carbon dioxide and other greenhouse-gas emissions blamed for global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the U.N.-sponsored science network, foresees temperatures rising as much as 6.4 degrees Celsius (11.5 degrees Fahrenheit) by 2100, swelling the seas and disrupting the climate patterns that nurtured human civilization.

Science committees of the British Parliament and the U.S. Congress urged their governments last year to look at immediately undertaking climate engineering research – to have a "Plan B" ready, as the British panel put it, in case the diplomatic logjam persists.

Britain's national science academy, the Royal Society, subsequently organized the Chicheley Hall conference with Hamburg's EDF and the association of developing-world science academies. From six continents, they invited a blue-ribbon cross-section of atmospheric physicists, oceanographers, geochemists, environmentalists, international lawyers, psychologists, policy experts and others, to discuss how the world should oversee such unprecedented – and unsettling – research.

Read the full story at:

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/04/04/geoengineering-sun-blocking_n_844324.html

Greensburg - Jorney towards Green

Right after the Huricane

New Greensburg: Stronger, Better, Greener!

At 9:45 pm on May 4th, 2007 an EF5 tornado leveled the rural town of Greensburg, Kansas. Just days after the storm, the community came together and decided to rebuild sustainably, striving to become a model green town for the future.

The story of Greensburg, is one of determination and sheer will -- of residents who wouldn't and won't let their town die in the wake of a ferocious, massive tornado that laid waste to it on May 4, 2007.


The locals refuse to give up on themselves, or their community.

They are rebuilding.

As residents put the pieces of their lives, and Greensburg itself, back together, they're keeping an eye on the environment, determined to make theirs the greenest town in the land.

It's a story that deserves you attention and we should all keep up with it.


Below are some interesting links to keep you updated on their Green journey.

http://www.greensburggreentown.org/

http://www.greensburgks.org/

http://www.planetgreenpress.com/ekits/greensburg/index.php?page=press-release

http://www.nativeenergy.com/pages/greensburg/517.php

I am sure we can all learn form it.

Energia das ondas avança em Peniche

A empresa finlandesa AW Energy vai instalar até Setembro tecnologia de produção de energia a partir das ondas na praia da Almagreira, Peniche, disse o presidente da câmara à Lusa.


"A empresa prevê que até ao final do Verão sejam montadas três máquinas", afirmou António José Correia.

O objectivo dos promotores passa por criar nessa praia um grande parque mundial de energia das ondas e entrar numa fase de exploração comercial do projecto com uma potência instalada entre os 50 e os 100 megawatts (MW). Se avançar para a fase comercial, o investimento ascenderá a 100 milhões de euros e colocará Portugal na linha da frente no segmento da produção mundial desta energia.Com um investimento entre 3 a 4,5 milhões de euros, o projecto-piloto prevê a instalação de dezenas de máquinas que permitirão ter uma potência total instalada de 1 MW, suficiente para produzir até 2 gigawatts (GW)/ano que, por sua vez, serão capazes de "abastecer um aglomerado com cerca de dois mil habitantes".Este equipamento foi testado pela primeira vez a nível mundial na praia da Almagreira em 2007, mas foi retirado da água por problemas técnicos, atrasando a concretização do projecto em cerca de três anos.
 
Fonte: http://www.energiasrenovaveis.com/

Curso de "Ecologia e Identificação de Cetáceos"

No fim-de-semana de 7 e 8 de Maio de 2011, no âmbito de um protocolo entre o ICNB e a Natura Algarve, vai realizar-se o curso de "Ecologia e Identificação de Cetáceos" que decorrerá no Parque Natural da Ria Formosa, na Quinta de Marim. A saída de mar faz-se a partir da marina de Olhão.


A carga horária prevista é de 9 horas (6 horas de teórico-prática / 3 horas de prática) e a formação está a cargo de Sónia Manso, Inês Gomes e Sergi Perez.

Nº máximo de participantes: 10

Preço: 50 euros (40 euros estudantes)

O preço inclui: acompanhamento técnico permanente do formador / guia, manual do curso, certificado de participação, disponibilização de guias de campo, custo taxas portuárias, saída de mar em semi-rígido, seguro de acidentes pessoais por cada participante e IVA

Mais Informações: http://www.portal.icnb.pt/

Acção "Limpar Mértola" - ICNB

No âmbito do Ano Europeu do Voluntariado e no programa ECO-ESCOLAS, nos dias 8 e 9 de Abril, entre as 9:00h e as 12:00h, vai ter lugar a acção "Limpar Mértola".


A iniciativa partiu do grupo de Educação Ambiental e Divulgação do Parque Natural do Vale do Guadiana e estende-se a toda a comunidade.

A ideia é constituir grupos de acção para determinadas zonas da vila (separar os resíduos em recicláveis e não recicláveis), visitar a exposição sobre o Ano Europeu do Voluntariado e sensibilizar a população para esta questão de cidadania.

Inscrições abertas de 28 de Março a 1 de Abril

Mais Informções: www.portal.icnb.pt/

Ancient Black Coral in the Gulf of Mexico

Black corals are a group of deep water, tree-like corals related to sea anemones. Though black coral's living tissue is brilliantly colored, it takes its name from the distinctive black or dark brown color of its skeleton. For the first time, scientists have been able to validate the age of deep-sea black corals in the Gulf of Mexico. They found the Gulf is home to 2,000 year-old deep-sea black corals, many of which are only a few feet tall. These slow-growing, long-living animals thrive in very deep waters—300 meters (984 feet) and deeper—yet scientists say they are sensitive to what is happening in the surface ocean as well as on the sea floor.


"The fact that the animals live continuously for thousands of years amazes me,”� said Dr. Nancy Prouty of the U.S. Geological Survey Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, who analyzed the coral samples that were collected by the USGS and colleagues as part of several ongoing deep-sea coral ecosystem studies between 2003 and 2009. “Despite living at 300 meters and deeper, these animals are sensitive to what is going on in the surface ocean because they are feeding on organic matter that rapidly sinks to the sea floor. Since longevity is a key factor for population maintenance, recovery from a disturbance to these ecosystems, natural or man made, may take decades to centuries."

Reliably age dating the corals, as done in the recent study, is a critical step in using them as natural archives of environmental change.

Like shallow-water coral reefs, deep-sea coral-reef ecosystems are among the most diverse and productive communities on Earth, providing shelter and feeding grounds for commercial and non-commercial fish species and their prey, as well as breeding and nursery areas. Activities that affect both the seafloor and the surface ocean, such as certain methods of petroleum exploration and commercial fishing, can impact these ecosystems.

The skeletons that these animals secrete continuously over hundreds to thousands of years offer an unprecedented window into past environmental conditions. Age dating used in combination with emerging technologies, such as sampling skeletal material with a laser to determine its chemical composition, enables scientists to reconstruct environmental conditions in time slices smaller than a decade over the last 1,000 to 2,000 years.

Black corals grow in tree- or bush-like forms. Scientists confirmed that black corals are the slowest growing deep-sea corals. They grow 8 to 22 micrometers per year as compared to the shallow-water reef-building coral, typically found in tropical areas like Hawaii, which grows about 1 mm per year, or 65 times as fast as black coral. Human fingernails grow about 3 mm per year, or 200 times faster than black coral.

Black corals can capture and record in their skeletons the history of changing concentrations of carbon in surface waters and the atmosphere. Unlike the skeletons of most shallow-water corals, which consist of calcium carbonate, black coral skeletons are composed mainly of organic matter: successive layers of protein and chitin (a long molecule containing carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen) glued together by a cement layer. These skeletons are very similar to insect cuticles in that they are quite flexible and can thus bend in water currents.

Like trees, black corals exhibit radial growth, with the oldest skeletal material found in the center and successfully younger material building out toward the edge. Viewed in a horizontal cross section, the black coral’s growth bands resemble tree rings.

In 2008 some black coral off the coast of Hawaii was found to be as old as 4000 years. Located on the floor of the Pacific Ocean, off Hawaii, the 3 meters tall, (extremely) long-lived "black coral" could yield some valuable clues about past incidents of climate change; specifically, it could better scientists' understanding of how oceans draw down carbon dioxide - and of ocean acidification in general. Brendan Roark of Texas A&M University, had led a research expedition in 2006 to study the corals' climate records.

A full copy of the present study can be found online in the Feb. 10, 2011, edition of “Marine Ecology Progress Series.”

Source: www.enn.com

Spanish scientists search for fuel of the future

.In a forest of tubes eight metres high in eastern Spain scientists hope they have found the fuel of tomorrow: bio-oil produced with algae mixed with carbon dioxide from a factory.


Almost 400 of the green tubes, filled with millions of microscopic algae, cover a plain near the city of Alicante, next to a cement works from which the C02 is captured and transported via a pipeline to the "blue petroleum" factory.

The project, which is still experimental, has been developed over the past five years by Spanish and French researchers at the small Bio Fuel Systems (BFS) company.

At a time when companies are redoubling their efforts to find alternative energy sources, the idea is to reproduce and speed up a process which has taken millions of years and which has led to the production of fossil fuels.

"We are trying to simulate the conditions which existed millions of years ago, when the phytoplankton was transformed into oil," said engineer Eloy Chapuli. "In this way, we obtain oil that is the same as oil today."

The microalgae reproduces at high speed in the tubes by photosynthesis and from the CO2 released from the cement factory.

Every day some of this highly concentrated liquid is extracted and filtered to produce a biomass that is turned into bio-oil.

The other great advantage of the system is that it is a depollutant -- it absorbs the C02 which would otherwise be released into the atmosphere.

"It's ecological oil," said the founder and chairman of BFS, French engineer Bernard Stroiazzo-Mougin, who worked in oil fields in the Middle East before coming to Spain.

"We need another five to 10 years before industrial production can start," said Stroiazzo-Mougin, who hopes to be able to develop another such project on the Portuguese island of Madeira.

"In a unit that covers 50 square kilometres, which is not something enormous, in barren regions of southern Spain, we could produce about 1.25 million barrels per day," or almost as much as the daily export of oil from Iraq, he said.

BFS, a private company, hopes to negotiate "with several countries to obtain subsidies for the installation of artificial oil fields," he said.

Other similar projects being studied in other parts of the world.

In Germany, the Swedish energy group Vattenfall last year launched a pilot project in which algae is used to absorb carbon dioxide from a coal-fired power plant.

US oil giant ExxonMobil plans to invest up to $600 million in research on oil produced from algae.

Companies, in particular those in the aeronautic sector, have shown keen interest in this research, hoping to find a replacement for classic oil.

Source: www.ca.news.yahoo.com


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